图、表、代码与交叉引用

1
// figure: kinds, captions, labels, placement. Numbers are <chapter>.<n>.
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#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
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#set page(width: 12cm, height: auto, margin: 1cm)
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#show: xuan-base
5

6
= 投影
7

8
#figure(
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  image("assets/projection.svg", width: 60%),
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  caption: [$b$ 在 $C(A)$ 上的投影。],
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) <fig-proj>
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@fig-proj 的残差与列空间正交。第二张图同章，编号递增：
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#figure(
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  rect(width: 3cm, height: 1cm, fill: luma(230))[占位],
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  caption: [任意内容都可以放进 figure，kind 自动推断为 `image`。],
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) <fig-rect>
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20
= 下一章
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#figure(
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  image("assets/projection.svg", width: 40%),
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  caption: [编号在新章重置。],
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  placement: auto, // float to the top or bottom of the page
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) <fig-again>
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见 @fig-proj、@fig-rect 与 @fig-again。

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#set text(lang: "zh")
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#set heading(numbering: "1.1")
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#show heading.where(level: 1): it => {
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  counter(figure.where(kind: image)).update(0)
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  it
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}
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#set figure(numbering: n => context numbering(
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  "1.1",
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  counter(heading).get().first(),
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  n,
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))
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= 一
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#figure(rect[甲], caption: [甲图]) <a>
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= 二
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#figure(rect[乙], caption: [乙图]) <b>
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见 @a 与 @b。

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#set text(lang: "zh")
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#set heading(numbering: "1.1")
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#show heading.where(level: 1): it => {
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  counter(figure.where(kind: image)).update(0)
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  it
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}
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#set figure(numbering: n => context numbering(
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  "1.1",
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  counter(heading).get().first(),
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  n,
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))
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#show ref: it => {
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  let el = it.element
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  if el != none and el.func() == figure {
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    let loc = el.location()
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    let n = numbering(
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      "1.1",
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      counter(heading).at(loc).first(),
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      el.counter.at(loc).first(),
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    )
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    link(loc, [#el.supplement~#n])
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  } else { it }
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}
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= 一
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#figure(rect[甲], caption: [甲图]) <a>
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= 二
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#figure(rect[乙], caption: [乙图]) <b>
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见 @a 与 @b。

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// Figures and tables numbered "<chapter>.<n>", three-line tables.
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#let figure-kinds = (image, table, raw)
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/// "<chapter>.<n>" for the figure `el`, evaluated at its own location.
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#let figure-number(el) = {
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  let loc = el.location()
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  numbering(
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    "1.1",
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    counter(heading).at(loc).first(),
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    el.counter.at(loc).first(),
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  )
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}
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#let figure-rules(body) = {
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  show heading.where(level: 1): it => {
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    for k in figure-kinds { counter(figure.where(kind: k)).update(0) }
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    it
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  }
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  set figure(numbering: n => context numbering(
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    "1.1",
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    counter(heading).get().first(),
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    n,
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  ))
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  show figure.where(kind: table): set figure.caption(position: top)
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  // Three-line tables: no verticals, rules above, below the header, below.
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  set table(stroke: (x, y) => (
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    top: if y == 0 { 1pt } else if y == 1 { 0.5pt } else { 0pt },
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  ))
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  show table.cell.where(y: 0): strong
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  // The closing 1pt rule is an hline after the last row.
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  show table: it => {
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    let f = it.fields()
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    let cells = f.remove("children")
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    let closed = cells.len() > 0 and cells.last().func() == table.hline
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    if closed { it } else {
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      table(..f, ..cells, table.hline(stroke: 1pt))
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    }
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  }
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  // Outline entries evaluate `numbering` at the outline, not at the figure.
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  show outline.entry: it => {
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    let el = it.element
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    if el.func() == figure and el.kind in figure-kinds {
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      link(el.location(), it.indented(
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        [#el.supplement~#figure-number(el)],
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        it.inner(),
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      ))
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    } else { it }
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  }
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  show ref: it => {
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    let el = it.element
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    if el != none and el.func() == figure and el.kind in figure-kinds {
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      let supp = if it.supplement == auto { el.supplement } else {
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        it.supplement
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      }
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      link(el.location(), [#supp~#figure-number(el)])
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    } else { it }
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  }
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  body
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}

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$ pdftotext -layout out/ch09/outline.pdf - | head -14
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目录
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1 一 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⁠1
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    1.1 一点一 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⁠1
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2 二 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⁠1
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7

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图目录
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图 1.1 第一张图 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⁠1
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12

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表目录
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表 2.1 第一张表 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ⁠1

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// table: header, cell spans, hline/vline, fill and align functions.
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#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
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#set page(width: 12cm, height: auto, margin: 1cm)
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#show: xuan-base
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= 数据
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#figure(
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  table(
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    columns: (auto, 1fr, 1fr),
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    align: (left, right, right),
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    table.header[方法][误差][耗时],
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    [正规方程], [1.2e-3], [4.1 ms],
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    [QR], [8.0e-4], [6.3 ms],
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    [SVD], [7.9e-4], [19.4 ms],
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  ),
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  caption: [三种最小二乘解法。表题在上，三线表由 xuan 提供。],
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) <tab-methods>
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// Everything below is plain `table`: spans, extra rules, fills.
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#table(
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  columns: 4,
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  align: center,
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  fill: (x, y) => if y > 0 and calc.odd(y) { luma(245) },
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  table.header(table.cell(colspan: 4)[合并表头]),
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  table.hline(stroke: 0.5pt),
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  [a], [b], [c], [d],
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  table.cell(rowspan: 2)[跨行], [1], [2], [3],
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  [4], [5], [6],
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  table.footer[页脚][-][-][-],
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)
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见 @tab-methods。

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#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
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#set page(width: auto, height: auto, margin: 12pt)
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#show: xuan-base
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#set par(first-line-indent: 0pt)
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#figure(
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  table(
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    columns: (auto, auto, auto),
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    align: (left, right, right),
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    table.header[方法][误差][耗时],
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    [正规方程], [#num("0.0012")], [#qty(4.1, "ms")],
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    [QR], [#num("0.0008")], [#qty(6.3, "ms")],
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    [SVD], [#num("0.00079")], [#qty(19.4, "ms")],
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  ),
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  caption: [三线表与单位],
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)

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#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
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#set page(width: 12cm, height: auto, margin: 1cm, numbering: "1")
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#show: xuan-base
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= 方法
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#set par(first-line-indent: 0pt)
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#figure(
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  table(
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    columns: (auto, 1fr, 1fr),
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    align: (x, y) => if x == 0 { left } else { right },
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    stroke: (x, y) => (
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      top: if y == 0 { 1pt } else if y == 1 { 0.5pt },
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      left: if x == 2 { 0.5pt + gray },
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    ),
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    fill: (x, y) => if y > 0 and calc.even(y) { luma(245) },
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    table.header[方法][误差][耗时],
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    [A], table.cell(fill: yellow.lighten(60%))[#highlight[1.2e-3]], [4.1],
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    [B], [8.0e-4], table.cell(align: center)[6.3],
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    table.vline(x: 1, stroke: 0.5pt + red),
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    table.footer[均值][1.0e-3][5.2],
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  ),
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  caption: [stroke、fill、align 都可以是函数],
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)
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#figure(
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  grid(
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    columns: 2,
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    gutter: 1em,
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    grid.cell(colspan: 2)[#rect(width: 100%)[跨两列]],
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    rect[左], rect[右],
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  ),
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  kind: "demo",
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  supplement: [演示],
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  numbering: "A",
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  caption: [自定义 kind],
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) <demo>
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见 @demo，页码形式：@demo[页]，@demo. #ref(<demo>, form: "page")

1
// Subfigures: a figure whose body is a grid of figures of another kind.
2
#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
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#set page(width: 12cm, height: auto, margin: 1cm)
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#show: xuan-base
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#let sub(caption) = figure(
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  kind: "subfigure",
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  numbering: "(a)",
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  supplement: [],
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  image("assets/projection.svg"),
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  caption: caption,
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)
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= 比较
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#figure(
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  grid(
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    columns: 2,
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    column-gutter: 1em,
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    [#sub[原始] <sub-a>], [#sub[重复] <sub-b>],
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  ),
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  caption: [两个子图，各自编号 (a)(b)。],
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) <fig-both>
24

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@fig-both 中的 (@sub-a) 与 (@sub-b)：引用只给出字母，括号写在正文里。

1
// ref, supplements, link, footnote, quote, divider, emph/strong rules.
2
#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
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#set page(width: 12cm, height: auto, margin: 1cm)
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#show: xuan-base
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= 引用
7

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== 小节 <sec-a>
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@sec-a 引用标题，需要 `set heading(numbering: ...)`；
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`@sec-a[章节]` 可换补充词：@sec-a[章节]。
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#link("https://typst.app")[外部链接]、#link(<sec-a>)[内部链接]。
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脚注示例#footnote[脚注文字自动编号。]。
14

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#quote(block: true, attribution: [Knuth])[
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  Premature optimization is the root of all evil.
17
]
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#divider()
20

21
// Restyle emphasis: no italics for CJK, a coloured underline for strong.
22
#show emph: set text(style: "normal", fill: rgb("#8a3"))
23
#show strong: it => underline(offset: 2pt, it)
24
_强调_与*加粗*被重写了。

1
// raw: inline, block, lang tag, line numbers (xuan), tab size, from a file.
2
#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
3
#set page(width: 12cm, height: auto, margin: 1cm)
4
#show: xuan-base
5

6
行内 `let x = 1` 与带语言的 #raw("fn main() {}", lang: "rust")。
7

8
// Block raw: xuan numbers every line through a `show raw.line` rule.
9
```rust
10
fn main() {
11
    println!("你好");
12
}
13
```
14

15
// `tab-size` sets the tab width, and only takes effect as a set rule.
16
#[
17
  #set raw(tab-size: 8)
18
  #raw("x\ty", block: true, lang: "text")
19
]
20

21
// Pull code from a file, then show a few lines of it.
22
#let src = read("assets/projection.svg")
23
#raw(src.split("\n").slice(0, 3).join("\n"), block: true, lang: "xml")

1
// Code display: numbered block raw, subtle inline raw.
2

3
#let code-rules(body) = {
4
  show raw.where(block: false): it => box(
5
    fill: luma(240),
6
    inset: (x: 3pt),
7
    outset: (y: 3pt),
8
    radius: 2pt,
9
    it,
10
  )
11
  show raw.where(block: true): it => {
12
    show raw.line: line => box(width: 100%, grid(
13
      columns: (2em, 1fr),
14
      column-gutter: 0.8em,
15
      align(right, text(fill: luma(150), str(line.number))), line.body,
16
    ))
17
    set par(first-line-indent: 0pt, justify: false)
18
    block(
19
      width: 100%,
20
      fill: luma(245),
21
      inset: 8pt,
22
      radius: 4pt,
23
      breakable: true,
24
      it,
25
    )
26
  }
27
  body
28
}

1
// Numbers and quantities: `num`, `qty`, `qty-range`.
2

3
#let thin = "\u{2009}"
4

5
/// Group a run of digits by thin spaces. From the right for integers,
6
/// from the left for fractions; runs shorter than 5 digits stay intact.
7
#let group(digits, from-right: true) = {
8
  let cs = digits.clusters()
9
  if cs.len() < 5 { return digits }
10
  let out = ()
11
  let n = cs.len()
12
  for (i, c) in cs.enumerate() {
13
    let boundary = if from-right { calc.rem(n - i, 3) == 0 } else {
14
      calc.rem(i, 3) == 0
15
    }
16
    if i > 0 and boundary { out.push(thin) }
17
    out.push(c)
18
  }
19
  out.join()
20
}
21

22
/// Digits grouped by thin spaces, minus rendered as U+2212.
23
#let num(value) = {
24
  let s = str(value).replace("-", "\u{2212}")
25
  let sign = ""
26
  if s.starts-with("\u{2212}") {
27
    sign = "\u{2212}"
28
    s = s.slice(3)
29
  }
30
  let parts = s.split(".")
31
  let whole = group(parts.at(0))
32
  let frac = if parts.len() > 1 {
33
    "." + group(parts.at(1), from-right: false)
34
  } else { "" }
35
  sign + whole + frac
36
}
37

38
/// Render a unit string such as "m/s^2" or "kg m^-1" upright.
39
#let unit(spec) = {
40
  let pat = regex("(\s+|/)|([^\s/^]+)(?:\^([-+]?\d+))?")
41
  let parts = ()
42
  for m in spec.matches(pat) {
43
    let sep = m.captures.at(0)
44
    if sep != none {
45
      parts.push(if sep == "/" { "/" } else { thin })
46
    } else {
47
      parts.push(m.captures.at(1))
48
      let p = m.captures.at(2)
49
      if p != none { parts.push(super(p.replace("-", "\u{2212}"))) }
50
    }
51
  }
52
  text(style: "normal", parts.join())
53
}
54

55
/// Number plus unit, kept on one line.
56
#let qty(value, spec) = box(num(value) + thin + unit(spec))
57

58
/// Range with unit: `lo～hi unit` (zh) or `lo–hi unit` (en).
59
/// `lang: auto` follows `text.lang` at the call site.
60
#let qty-range(lo, hi, spec, lang: auto) = {
61
  let build(l) = {
62
    let dash = if l == "zh" { "～" } else { "–" }
63
    box(num(lo) + dash + num(hi) + thin + unit(spec))
64
  }
65
  if lang == auto { context build(text.lang) } else { build(lang) }
66
}

1
#import "@local/xuan:0.1.0": *
2

3
#let thin = "\u{2009}"
4

5
// Groups of three from the decimal point outwards, from 5 digits up.
6
#assert.eq(num("1234567.891"), "1" + thin + "234" + thin + "567.891")
7
#assert.eq(num("1234"), "1234")
8
#assert.eq(num("12345"), "12" + thin + "345")
9
#assert.eq(num("0.123456"), "0." + "123" + thin + "456")
10
#assert.eq(num(-1234567), "\u{2212}1" + thin + "234" + thin + "567")
11

12
// Quantities: upright unit, thin space after the number, `^n` superscripts.
13
#assert.eq(plain-text(qty(9.81, "m/s^2")), "9.81" + thin + "m/s2")
14
#assert.eq(
15
  plain-text(qty-range(0, 50, "mm", lang: "zh")),
16
  "0～50" + thin + "mm",
17
)
18
#assert.eq(plain-text(qty-range(0, 50, "mm", lang: "en")), "0–50" + thin + "mm")

1
#import "cjk.typ": xuan-cjk
2
#import "code.typ": code-rules
3
#import "figure.typ": figure-rules
4
#import "math.typ": math-rules
5
#import "theorem.typ": theorem-rules
6

7
/// Document-wide defaults: CJK typography, heading numbering and spacing,
8
/// link colour, theorem, equation, figure and code rules.
9
#let xuan-base(body, lang: "zh", title: none) = {
10
  show: xuan-cjk.with(lang: lang)
11
  set heading(numbering: "1.1")
12
  show heading: set block(above: 1.4em, below: 0.9em)
13
  show heading.where(level: 1): set text(size: 1.4em)
14
  show heading.where(level: 1): set block(above: 1.8em, below: 1em)
15
  show link: set text(fill: rgb("#1f4e9c"))
16
  show: theorem-rules
17
  show: math-rules
18
  show: figure-rules
19
  show: code-rules
20
  body
21
}